The History of the Pug
There has always been controversy about the origin of the Pug. Probably the Pug's origin is from the Far East and it is traced back as far as 700 BC – 400 BC, deepening on the sources.
Although there is no proof to determine exactly the breed beginning, most authorities agree that the pug type of dog originated in China, more or less around 2000 years ago. On the other hand, part of the breed experts think that Pugs are somehow miniaturized from Mastiffs approximately 2,400 years ago.
It is one of the world's oldest known breeds, and they were greatly adored pets of the Shang dynasty, and later of the Buddhist monasteries in Tibet.
In China, Pugs were very valuable possessions of the Chinese Emperors. They lived in most luxurious surroundings, and it is believed there is an ancient Chinese law whereby only the emperor was allowed to own a Pug, anyone other than the emperor could only own a pug if it was a gift from the Emperor himself, Illegal ownership of a Pug was punishable by death.Probably the pugs were brought in Europe by the Dutch Traders, during the 16 century. The sailors smuggled Pugs out and took them home where because of their small size become quickly popular as companions to the upper classes and nobility.
Afterwards the pugs were brought to England.
By the 1790s, the Pug’s popularity had spread to France. There, the most famous Pug story involves the one of Napoleon’s wife Josephine.
It is said that Josephine depended on her little Pug "Fortune" to carry secret messages in his collar to her husband while he was in prison.
During the mid 1800s, the breed finally made it to the United States.
With over 2,000 years to reach perfection, the Pug that’s snoring happily next to your chair comes from a long line of well-bred and well-loved dogs that deserve their place in your heart and home.
There has always been controversy about the origin of the Pug. Probably the Pug's origin is from the Far East and it is traced back as far as 700 BC – 400 BC, deepening on the sources.
Although there is no proof to determine exactly the breed beginning, most authorities agree that the pug type of dog originated in China, more or less around 2000 years ago. On the other hand, part of the breed experts think that Pugs are somehow miniaturized from Mastiffs approximately 2,400 years ago.
It is one of the world's oldest known breeds, and they were greatly adored pets of the Shang dynasty, and later of the Buddhist monasteries in Tibet.
In China, Pugs were very valuable possessions of the Chinese Emperors. They lived in most luxurious surroundings, and it is believed there is an ancient Chinese law whereby only the emperor was allowed to own a Pug, anyone other than the emperor could only own a pug if it was a gift from the Emperor himself, Illegal ownership of a Pug was punishable by death.Probably the pugs were brought in Europe by the Dutch Traders, during the 16 century. The sailors smuggled Pugs out and took them home where because of their small size become quickly popular as companions to the upper classes and nobility.
Afterwards the pugs were brought to England.
By the 1790s, the Pug’s popularity had spread to France. There, the most famous Pug story involves the one of Napoleon’s wife Josephine.
It is said that Josephine depended on her little Pug "Fortune" to carry secret messages in his collar to her husband while he was in prison.
During the mid 1800s, the breed finally made it to the United States.
With over 2,000 years to reach perfection, the Pug that’s snoring happily next to your chair comes from a long line of well-bred and well-loved dogs that deserve their place in your heart and home.
16.02.2011/EN
FCI-Standard N° 253 www.fci.be
PUG
ORIGIN: China
PATRONAGE: Great Britain.
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE OFFICIAL VALID STANDARD: 13.10.2010.
UTILIZATION: Companion Dog.
FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 9 Companion and Toy Dogs
Section 11 Small Molossian typedogs.
Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: A certain amount of speculation has taken place regarding the origin of this breed, which would seem to have come from the Orient. His home country is listed as China, where snub-nosed dogs have always been in favour. He found his way to Europe with traders of the Dutch East India Company and as far back as the 1500s was being admired in the Netherlands. In fact, the Pug became the symbol for the royal patriots.
The Pug arrived in England when William III came to the throne. Until 1877 the breed was seen here only in fawn but in that year a black pair was introduced from the Orient.
GENERAL APPEARANCE: Decidedly square and cobby, it is “multum in parvo” shown in compactness of form, well knit proportions and hardness of muscle, but never to appear low on legs, nor lean and leggy.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: Decidedly square and cobby.
BEHAVIOUR AND TEMPERAMENT: Great charm, dignity and intelligence. Even-tempered, happy and lively disposition.
HEAD Relatively large and in proportion to body, round, not apple-headed.
CRANIAL REGION:
Skull: With no indentation. Wrinkles on forehead clearly defined without exaggeration.
FACIAL REGION:
Nose: Black with fairly large well opened nostrils. Pinched nostrils and heavy over nose wrinkle is unacceptable and should be heavily penalised.
Muzzle: Relatively short, blunt, square, not upfaced. Eyes or nose never adversely affected or obscured by over nose wrinkle.
Jaws / Teeth: Slightly undershot. Wide lower jaw with incisors almost in a straight line. Wry mouth, teeth or tongue showing all highly undesirable and should be heavily penalised.
Eyes: Dark, relatively large, round in shape, soft and solicitous in expression, very lustrous, and when excited, full of fire. Never protruding, exaggerated or showing white when looking straight ahead. Free from obvious eye problems.
Ears: Thin, small, soft like black velvet. Two kinds – “Rose ear” - small drop-ear which folds over and back to reveal the burr. “Button ear” - ear flap folding forward, tip lying close to skull to cover opening. Preference given to latter.
NECK: Slightly arched to resemble a crest, strong, thick with enough length to carry head proudly.
BODY: Short and cobby.
Topline: Level, neither roached nor dipping.
Chest: Broad in chest. Ribs well sprung and carried well back.
TAIL: High-set, tightly curled over hip. Double curl highly desirable.
LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS:
Shoulder: Well sloped.
Forearm:Legs very strong, straight, of moderate length, and well under body.
Forefeet: Neither so long as the foot of the hare, nor so round as that of the cat; well split up toes; the nails black.
HINDQUARTERS:
General appearance:Legs very strong, of moderate length, well under body, straight and parallel when viewed from rear.
Stifle (Knee): With good turn of stifle.
Hind feet: Neither so long as the foot of the hare, nor so round as that of the cat; well split up toes; the nails black.
GAIT / MOVEMENT: Viewed from in front should rise and fall with legs well under shoulder, feet keeping directly to front, not turning in or out. From behind action just as true. Using forelegs strongly putting them well forward with hindlegs moving freely and using stifles well. A slight roll of hindquarters typifies gait. Capable of purposeful and steady movement.
COAT:
Hair: Fine, smooth, soft, short and glossy, neither harsh nor woolly.
Colour: Silver, apricot, fawn or black. Each clearly defined, to make contrast complete between colour, trace (black line extending from occiput to tail) and mask. Markings clearly defined. Muzzle or mask, ears, moles on cheeks, thumb mark or diamond on forehead and trace as black as possible.
WEIGHT:
Weight: Ideal weight 6.3 - 8.1 kgs. Should be hard of muscle but substance must not be confused with overweight.
FAULTS: Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog.
DISQUALIFYING FAULTS
· Aggressive or overly shy.
· Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.
N.B.: Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
The latest amendments are in bold characters.
FCI-Standard N° 253 www.fci.be
PUG
ORIGIN: China
PATRONAGE: Great Britain.
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE OFFICIAL VALID STANDARD: 13.10.2010.
UTILIZATION: Companion Dog.
FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 9 Companion and Toy Dogs
Section 11 Small Molossian typedogs.
Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: A certain amount of speculation has taken place regarding the origin of this breed, which would seem to have come from the Orient. His home country is listed as China, where snub-nosed dogs have always been in favour. He found his way to Europe with traders of the Dutch East India Company and as far back as the 1500s was being admired in the Netherlands. In fact, the Pug became the symbol for the royal patriots.
The Pug arrived in England when William III came to the throne. Until 1877 the breed was seen here only in fawn but in that year a black pair was introduced from the Orient.
GENERAL APPEARANCE: Decidedly square and cobby, it is “multum in parvo” shown in compactness of form, well knit proportions and hardness of muscle, but never to appear low on legs, nor lean and leggy.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: Decidedly square and cobby.
BEHAVIOUR AND TEMPERAMENT: Great charm, dignity and intelligence. Even-tempered, happy and lively disposition.
HEAD Relatively large and in proportion to body, round, not apple-headed.
CRANIAL REGION:
Skull: With no indentation. Wrinkles on forehead clearly defined without exaggeration.
FACIAL REGION:
Nose: Black with fairly large well opened nostrils. Pinched nostrils and heavy over nose wrinkle is unacceptable and should be heavily penalised.
Muzzle: Relatively short, blunt, square, not upfaced. Eyes or nose never adversely affected or obscured by over nose wrinkle.
Jaws / Teeth: Slightly undershot. Wide lower jaw with incisors almost in a straight line. Wry mouth, teeth or tongue showing all highly undesirable and should be heavily penalised.
Eyes: Dark, relatively large, round in shape, soft and solicitous in expression, very lustrous, and when excited, full of fire. Never protruding, exaggerated or showing white when looking straight ahead. Free from obvious eye problems.
Ears: Thin, small, soft like black velvet. Two kinds – “Rose ear” - small drop-ear which folds over and back to reveal the burr. “Button ear” - ear flap folding forward, tip lying close to skull to cover opening. Preference given to latter.
NECK: Slightly arched to resemble a crest, strong, thick with enough length to carry head proudly.
BODY: Short and cobby.
Topline: Level, neither roached nor dipping.
Chest: Broad in chest. Ribs well sprung and carried well back.
TAIL: High-set, tightly curled over hip. Double curl highly desirable.
LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS:
Shoulder: Well sloped.
Forearm:Legs very strong, straight, of moderate length, and well under body.
Forefeet: Neither so long as the foot of the hare, nor so round as that of the cat; well split up toes; the nails black.
HINDQUARTERS:
General appearance:Legs very strong, of moderate length, well under body, straight and parallel when viewed from rear.
Stifle (Knee): With good turn of stifle.
Hind feet: Neither so long as the foot of the hare, nor so round as that of the cat; well split up toes; the nails black.
GAIT / MOVEMENT: Viewed from in front should rise and fall with legs well under shoulder, feet keeping directly to front, not turning in or out. From behind action just as true. Using forelegs strongly putting them well forward with hindlegs moving freely and using stifles well. A slight roll of hindquarters typifies gait. Capable of purposeful and steady movement.
COAT:
Hair: Fine, smooth, soft, short and glossy, neither harsh nor woolly.
Colour: Silver, apricot, fawn or black. Each clearly defined, to make contrast complete between colour, trace (black line extending from occiput to tail) and mask. Markings clearly defined. Muzzle or mask, ears, moles on cheeks, thumb mark or diamond on forehead and trace as black as possible.
WEIGHT:
Weight: Ideal weight 6.3 - 8.1 kgs. Should be hard of muscle but substance must not be confused with overweight.
FAULTS: Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog.
DISQUALIFYING FAULTS
· Aggressive or overly shy.
· Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.
N.B.: Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
The latest amendments are in bold characters.